U.S. Curriculum Standards
National Standards
State and Local Standards
Science Content Standards: K-4
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Content Standard A: As a result of activities in grades K-4, all students should develop:
- Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry
- Understanding about scientific inquiry
- Content Standard D: As a result of their activities in grades 5-8, all students should develop an understanding of:
- Structure of the earth system
- Content Standard F: As a result of activities in grades 5-8, all students should develop understanding of:
Curriculum Standards for K-4
- Standard 6: Number Sense and Numeration
- construct number meanings through real-world experiences and the use of physical materials;
- understand our numeration system by relating counting, grouping, and place-value concepts;
- develop number sense;
- interpret the multiple uses of numbers encountered in the real world.
- Standard 10: Measurement
- understand the attributes of length, capacity, weight, mass, area, volume, time, temperature, and angle;
- develop the process of measuring and concepts related to units of measurement;
- make and use estimates of measurement
- make and use measurements in problem and everyday situations.
- Standard 11: Statistics and Probability
- collect, organize, and describe data;
- construct, read, and interpret displays of data;
- formulate and solve problems that involve collecting and analyzing data;
- explore concepts of chance.
- Standard 13: Patterns and Relationships
- recognize, describe, extend, and create a wide variety of patterns;
- represent and describe mathematical relationships;
- explore the use of variables and open sentences to express relationships.
Curriculum Standards for 5-8
- Standard 4: Mathematical Connections
- explore problems and describe results using graphical, numerical, physical, algebraic, and verbal mathematical models or representations;
- apply mathematical thinking and modeling to solve problems that arise in other disciplines, such as art, music, psychology, science, and business;
- value the role of mathematics in our culture and society.
- Standard 8: Patterns and Functions
- describe, extend, analyze, and create a wide variety of patterns;
- describe and represent relationships with tables, graphs, and rules;
- analyze functional relationships to explain how a change in one quantity results in a change in another;
- use patterns and functions to represent and solve problems.
- Standard 10: Statistics
- systematically collect, organize, and describe data;
- construct, read, and interpret tables, charts, and graphs;
- make inferences and convincing arguments that are based on data analysis;
- evaluate arguments that are based on data analysis;
- develop an appreciation for statistical methods as powerful means for decision making.
- Standard 13: Measurement
- extend their understanding of the process of measurement;
- estimate, make, and use measurements to describe and compare phenomena;
- select appropriate units and tools to measure to the degree of accuracy required in a particular situation;
- understand the structure and use of systems of measurement.
- Standard 4: Technology Communication Tools
- Students use telecommunications to collaborate, publish, and interact with peers, experts, and other audiences.
- Standard 5: Technology Research Tools
- Students use technology to locate, evaluate, and collect information from a variety of sources.
- Students use technology tools to process data and report results.
- Standard 6: Technology Problem-solving and Decision-making Tools
- Students use technology resources for solving problems and making informed decisions.
- Students employ technology in the development of strategies for solving problems in the real world.
Mathematics Standards
- 4.1: All Students Will Develop the Ability to Pose and Solve Mathematical Problems in Mathematics, Other Disciplines, and Everyday Experiences
- 4.2: All Students Will Communicate Mathematically through Written, Oral, Symbolic, and Visual Forms of Expression.
- 4.3: All Students Will Connect Mathematics to Other Learning by Understanding the Interrelationships of Mathematical Ideas and the Roles that Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling Play in Other Disciplines and in Life
- 4.4: All Students Will Develop Reasoning Ability and Will Become Self-Reliant, Independent Mathematical Thinkers.
- 4.5: All Students Will Regularly and Routinely Use Calculators, Computers, Manipulatives, and Other Mathematical Tools to Enhance Mathematical Thinking, Understanding, And Power.
- 4.9: All Students Will Develop an Understanding of and Will Use Measurement to Describe and Analyze Phenomena.
- 4.11: All Students Will Develop An Understanding Of Patterns, Relationships, And Functions And Will Use Them To Represent And Explain Real-World Phenomena.
Science Standards
- 5.2: All Students Will Develop Problem-Solving, Decision-Making and Inquiry Skills, Reflected by Formulating Usable Questions and Hypotheses, Planning Experiments, Conducting Systematic Observations, Interpreting and Analyzing Data, Drawing Conclusions, and Communicating Results.
- 5.5: All Students Will Integrate Mathematics as a Tool for Problem-Solving in Science, and as a Means of Expressing and/or Modeling Scientific Theories.
- 5.10: All Students Will Gain An Understanding Of The Structure, Dynamics, And Geophysical Systems Of The Earth.
Cross Content Standards
- Standard 2: All students will use technology, information and other tools.
- Standard 3: All students will use critical thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving skills.
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Standard 1: Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design, as appropriate, to pose questions, seek answers, and develop solutions.
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Standard 2: Students will access, generate, process, and transfer information using appropriate technologies.
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Standard 3: Students will understand mathematics and become mathematically confident by communicating and reasoning mathematically, by applying mathematics in real-world settings, and by solving problems through the integrated study of number systems, geometry, algebra, data analysis, probability, and trigonometry.
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Standard 4: Students will understand and apply scientific concepts, principles, and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living environment.
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Standard 6: Students will understand the relationships and common themes that connect mathematics, science, and technology and apply the themes to these and other areas of learning.
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Standard 7: Students will apply the knowledge and thinking skills of mathematics, science, and technology to address real-life problems and make informed decisions.
Fourth Grade Proficiency Tests: Mathematics Learning Outcomes
- 19. Illustrate the approximate size of units of length, capacity, and weight
- 24. Make or use table to record and sort information
Fourth Grade Proficiency Tests: Science Learning Outcomes
- The Nature of Matter
- Standard 1: The student understands that all matter has observable, measurable properties.
- Processes that Shape the Earth
- Standard 1: The student recognizes that processes in the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere interact to shape the Earth.
- The Nature of Science
- Standard 1: The student uses the scientific processes and habits of mind to solve problems.
- Standard 2: The student understands that most natural events occur in comprehensible, consistent patterns.
- Standard 3: The student understands that science, technology, and society are interwoven and interdependent.
Mathematics Standards: Grades 1-3 and 4-8
- Standard 2: Data Analysis And Probability
- 2M-F1. Collect and analyze data using the concepts of largest, smallest, most often, least often and middle
- 2M-F2. Construct, read and interpret displays of data to make valid decisions, inferences and predictions
- 2M-F3. Predict and measure the likelihood of events and recognize that the results of an experiment may not match predicted outcomes
- 2M-E1. Construct, read, analyze and interpret tables, charts, graphs and data plots
- 2M-E2. Make valid inferences, predictions and arguments based on statistical analysis
- Standard 3: Patterns, Algebra And Functions
- 3M-F1. Create, describe and extend a variety of patterns using shapes, events, designs and numbers
- 3M-F2. Formulate generalizations about patterns (e.g., color, shape, size, direction, orientation) to make predictions
- 3M-F3. Represent and describe how changing the value of one variable results in a change in another
- 3M-E2. Describe, represent and analyze patterns and relationships using shapes, tables, graphs, data plots, verbal rules and standard algebraic notation
- 3M-E4. Analyze functional relationships to explain how a change in one variable results in a change in another
- 3M-E5. Use patterns and functions to represent and solve problems both formally and informally
- Standard 5: Measurement And Discrete Mathematics
- 5M-F1. Demonstrate that a single object has different attributes that can be measured in different ways
- 5M-F2. Explain the concepts related to units of measure and demonstrate the process of measurement with non-standard
- 5M-E1. Estimate, make and use measurements
- 5M-E2.Select and use appropriate units and tools to measure to the degree of accuracy required in a particular problem-solving situation
Science Standards: Grades 1-3 and 4-8
- Standard 1: Science As Inquiry
- 1SC-R2. Ask questions about the natural world
- 1SC-R4. State simple hypotheses about cause-and-effect relationships in the environment
- 1SC-R5. Perform simple measurements and comparisons
- 1SC-R6. Communicate observations and comparisons through various means such as pictographs, pictures, models and words
- 1SC-F1. Plan, design, conduct and report on the conclusions of basic experiments
- 1SC-F3. Identify and record changes and patterns of changes in a familiar system
- 1SC-E1. Identify a question, formulate a hypothesis, control and manipulate variables, devise experiments, predict outcomes, compare and analyze results, and defend conclusions
- 1SC-E3. Organize and present data gathered from their own experiences, using appropriate mathematical analyses and graphical representations
- Standard 2: History and Nature of Science
- 2SC-F3. Understand that science involves asking and answering questions and comparing the results to what is already known
- 2SC-E3. Provide different explanations for a phenomenon; defend and refute the explanations
- 2SC-E5. Explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation and experimentation are interrelated
- 2SC-E6. Demonstrate how Science is an ongoing process of gathering and evaluating information, assessing evidence for and against theories and hypotheses, looking for patterns, and then devising and testing possible explanations.
- Standard 6: Earth And Space Science
- 6SC-R3. Identify how the weather affects daily activities
- 6SC-F3. Identify the seasons and their characteristics
- 6SC-F5. Identify major features of natural processes and forces that shape the earth’s surface, including weathering and volcanic activity
- 6SC-F6. Describe natural events and how humans are affected by them
- 6SC-F7. Measure and record changes in weather conditions
- 6SC-E8. Describe and model large-scale and local weather systems
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